Every material claim should be traceable to evidence. This library indexes the statutes, regulations, government publications, records, contracts, policies, and technical material cited throughout the site.
SOURCE POLICY
Primary sources are preferred. Secondary reporting can provide context and identify leads, but claims about laws, policies, contracts, or agency records should point to the underlying material whenever possible. The library automatically indexes citations used by the Evidence Library and Surveillance catalog; manually curated records retain richer metadata, archived copies, and hashes where available.
172indexed sources
94primary sources
42curated / archived records
HOW SOURCE IDS WORK
A citation number is page-local. The source ID is permanent.
A page may cite a source as [1] because that is easy to read. Manually curated records use permanent IDs such as IL-LAW-001. Evidence-derived web citations receive deterministic WEB-XXXXXXXX IDs based on their normalized URL, so adding another citation does not renumber the existing library.
Archived entries include local copies and SHA-256 hashes so the cited material can be verified even if the original page changes. Evidence-derived citations are indexed automatically but are not represented as locally archived unless an archived copy has actually been preserved.
172 sources shown
IL-LAW-001Primary · Statute
625 ILCS 5/6-110.1 — Confidentiality of captured photographs or images
Agency
Illinois General Assembly
Jurisdiction
Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-09
Driver’s-license and permit photographs; confidentiality, disclosure, and facial-recognition provisions.
Defines ALPR devices, ALPR information, ALPR systems, users, and Illinois restrictions. The current text does not impose a universal 30-day retention period.
$443,998.16 sole-source contract adopted March 2, 2026. Procurement material assigns $110,999.54 for FY2026 to an Organized Retail Crime grant and $110,999.54 for each FY2027-FY2029 renewal option to the Police Department Intel Unit budget; it also says ORC24/ORC25 grants funded Flock OS, LPRs, and PTZ cameras for Intelligence Unit expansion.
Rockford Police Department — Community Camera Network
Agency
Rockford Police Department
Jurisdiction
Rockford, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-29
RPD invites voluntary registration of private cameras and says registered homes/businesses are placed on an RPD-only map for identifying cameras near incidents. The page does not say registration itself provides live feed access.
Official Axon product documentation for Fusus real-time video, alerts, field data, ALPR overlays, and RTCC integration. Vendor capability does not establish local configuration.
Illinois State Police Automated License Plate Reader Statistics Dashboard
Agency
Illinois State Police
Jurisdiction
Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Archived dashboard snapshot showing county-level ISP ALPR counts and previous-month activity. The snapshot shows 402 cameras in Cook County, 145 in Peoria County, 273,994,699 detections, and 7,299,261 hits.
ALPRIllinois State PoliceMotorola SolutionsdashboardPeoria CountyCook County
SHA-256 1f570369c95ee4e923c50f2bcbdc9b1400dec3d78744458ab8d891b6504c59c4 · Archived FY2024 report PDF
IL-ISP-ALPR-FY25-001Primary · Government report
Expressway Camera Act Annual Report FY2025
Agency
Illinois State Police
Jurisdiction
Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Documents 160 installations during FY2025, including 54 in Peoria County, and $1,950,996 in Peoria installation costs. Identifies VehicleManager from Motorola Solutions.
ALPRMotorola SolutionsVehicleManagerIllinois State PolicePeoria Countyannual report
SHA-256 7cd7ef86782ba6bae5012f3824174baa929dc2118ff1b84ec40a6aa3b52a0bf1 · Archived FY2025 report PDF
IL-ISP-ALPR-FY26-001Primary · Government report
Expressway Camera Act Annual Report FY2026
Agency
Illinois State Police
Jurisdiction
Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Current annual report documenting VehicleManager, 90-day retention, 190 FY2026 installations, 3.38 billion detections, 94.8 million criminal-database hits, and 958,482 investigative searches. Its retrospective FY2025 table lists 15 cameras for Peoria and 145 for Illinois State Police, which together account for the printed 160-camera FY2025 total. The contemporaneous FY2025 report separately states that 54 Peoria County cameras were installed during FY2025; the records therefore appear to use different accounting or attribution.
ALPRMotorola SolutionsVehicleManagerIllinois State Policeretentionannual report
Illinois State Police / Motorola Solutions Statewide ALPR Project Contract
Agency
Illinois State Police / Illinois Chief Procurement Office
Jurisdiction
Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Statewide ALPR project award to Motorola Solutions through Sourcewell. Notice of Award lists a $25,000,000 award amount and an initial term of May 1, 2024 through December 15, 2027; scope includes integration, permitting, installation, and maintenance of new and previously installed ALPR equipment.
ALPRMotorola SolutionsVigilantVehicleManagerIllinois State PolicecontractSourcewell
IL-PEORIA-FUSUS-001Primary · Budget / official report
City of Peoria 2025 Budget Report Back — FUSUS Implementation
Agency
City of Peoria / Peoria Police Department
Jurisdiction
Peoria, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
City report says PPD partnered with FUSUS and was continuing implementation, with 240 city cameras and another 241 IDOT cameras on FUSUS. It describes conditional access to participating private-camera feeds.
City of Peoria FY2025 Revised Budget — Police Technology and ALPR Funding
Agency
City of Peoria / Peoria Police Department
Jurisdiction
Peoria, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Budget states 2024 DCEO funding allocated $375,000 to ALPR camera technology and separately describes FUSUS as a real-time camera integration platform.
IL-PEORIA-COUNTY-FLOCK-001Primary · Resolution / committee record
Peoria County FY2023 JAG Resolution — Flock Intersection Camera Support
Agency
Peoria County Sheriff’s Office / County Board
Jurisdiction
Peoria County, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
County resolution states its $36,766 share of the FY2023 Justice Assistance Grant would purchase body armor and provide annual support for Flock intersection cameras.
IL-PEORIA-LPR-FUSUS-001Primary · Official statement
City of Peoria 2025 State of the City Address — LPR and FUSUS Use
Agency
City of Peoria
Jurisdiction
Peoria, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Official city address describes investments in license-plate readers and the FUSUS camera system and describes the two systems being used together in investigations.
Peoria Police September 2026 Press Release — Flock Technology Used to Locate Suspect
Agency
Peoria Police Department
Jurisdiction
Peoria, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-18
Peoria Police said detectives located a suspect using Flock technology in September 2026. The release does not identify the specific Flock product, camera count, or sharing configuration.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The Secret Service relied on claims that consumers consented to location-data collection. Asked what it did to verify that consent, the agency answered: none.
404 Media / Atlas Privacy demonstration of Locate X
Agency
404 Media / Atlas Privacy demonstration of Locate X
Jurisdiction
UNITED STATES
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Investigators demonstrated a government-purchased tool tracing a phone from a home, to a church, across state lines and into an abortion clinic.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Private Facebook messages became evidence in a Nebraska abortion-related prosecution after police obtained them with a search warrant.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Tallahassee police used Stingrays roughly 200 times before 2010 without disclosing Stingray use to a judge to obtain a warrant.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Tallahassee police used Stingrays roughly 200 times before 2010 without disclosing Stingray use to a judge to obtain a warrant.
ACLU — retention documents and public-defender correspondence
Agency
ACLU
Jurisdiction
BALTIMORE
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The surveillance plane created evidence defendants could not request because they did not know it existed—and the imagery was retained longer than the public-facing policy suggested.
ACLU emergency filing describing the transfer and court-record problem
Agency
ACLU
Jurisdiction
Florida
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Sarasota acknowledged Stingray records existed. Before they could be inspected, the U.S. Marshals Service took possession of them.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Sarasota acknowledged Stingray records existed. Before they could be inspected, the U.S. Marshals Service took possession of them.
ACLU of Illinois — CPD social-media monitoring records
Agency
ACLU of Illinois
Jurisdiction
Chicago, Cook County, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: CPD bought tools for large-scale social-media monitoring and used social media to monitor political protests and gatherings. Also cited by: After 2020 protests, Chicago created a 20-person unit for round-the-clock social-media monitoring—and disclosure of how it worked required another lawsuit.
ACLU of Illinois — Stingrays and the Chicago Police Department
Agency
ACLU of Illinois
Jurisdiction
Chicago, Cook County, Illinois
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Illinois required warrants. CPD's Stingray unit nevertheless kept no deployment log—and a city-retained attorney advised against creating one. Also cited by: Cell-site simulators / IMSI catchers / digital analyzers
Cited by Evidence Library entry: CPD bought tools for large-scale social-media monitoring and used social media to monitor political protests and gatherings.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Nijeer Parks spent ten days in jail while physical evidence that could have excluded him remained available to investigators.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Nijeer Parks spent ten days in jail while physical evidence that could have excluded him remained available to investigators.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Lockport activated facial recognition in schools; organizing and litigation were followed by a statewide biometric-surveillance moratorium.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Ring disclosed customer video to law enforcement without the device owner's consent in 11 emergency requests during the first half of 2022.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Private Facebook messages became evidence in a Nebraska abortion-related prosecution after police obtained them with a search warrant.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A student described changing what she searched because she knew the school device was being monitored. Also cited by: A public-records response exposed nearly 3,500 unredacted student documents containing sensitive material.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Michael Williams spent 11 months in jail while ShotSpotter evidence helped support a murder case that prosecutors ultimately dropped.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Baltimore police tested a city-scale aerial surveillance system for months before the public—and even key city officials—were told.
Bloomberg — Fired by Bot: Amazon Turns to Machine Managers
Agency
Bloomberg
Jurisdiction
AMAZON FLEX
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A four-year delivery driver received an automated termination after Amazon's performance systems decided his work no longer met expectations.
Bloomberg — oversight and defense-access reporting
Agency
Bloomberg
Jurisdiction
BALTIMORE
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The surveillance plane created evidence defendants could not request because they did not know it existed—and the imagery was retained longer than the public-facing policy suggested.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Attackers obtained a copy of Caesars' loyalty-program database containing government-identification information for a significant number of members.
Caldwell v. Amazon.com Services LLC — U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, 2026
Agency
Caldwell v. Amazon.com Services LLC
Jurisdiction
AMAZON
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Amazon fired Rahim Caldwell after its timekeeping software incorrectly classified paid time off as unexcused breaks. Amazon later discovered the error and reinstated him.
California Court of Appeal — Castañares v. Superior Court
Agency
California Court of Appeal
Jurisdiction
California
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: One month of police-drone operations produced 537 videos—and a major privacy problem over what the cameras captured on the way to calls.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Wilmer Catalan-Ramirez: an unverified gang designation reached immigration enforcement. Also cited by: Chicago's gang data included contradictory, incomplete and implausible records—with no ordinary way for a person to know or challenge a designation.
City of Chula Vista — privacy/redaction explanation
Agency
City of Chula Vista
Jurisdiction
California
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: One month of police-drone operations produced 537 videos—and a major privacy problem over what the cameras captured on the way to calls.
Federal Trade Commission — Gravy Analytics / Venntel action
Agency
Federal Trade Commission
Jurisdiction
United States
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The Secret Service relied on claims that consumers consented to location-data collection. Asked what it did to verify that consent, the agency answered: none. Also cited by: The FTC alleged a commercial location-data ecosystem could expose visits to sensitive places and characteristics.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC found that location, browser history, shopping behavior and even mouse movements can feed systems used to tailor prices and promotions. Also cited by: Surveillance pricing / individualized offers
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Private neighborhood associations can purchase license-plate readers that record residents, visitors and workers who never bought the system.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Ford has patented systems for detecting drowsiness and monitoring driver behavior. A patent is not proof that a system was deployed.
Ford — drowsy driver monitoring and prevention system
Agency
Ford
Jurisdiction
FORD
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Ford has patented systems for detecting drowsiness and monitoring driver behavior. A patent is not proof that a system was deployed.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC alleged that a mental-health telehealth company disclosed sensitive health data to third parties for advertising.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC alleged GoodRx shared prescription and health-condition information with advertising companies despite privacy promises.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC charged that Premom shared fertility, health, location and device data with third parties without adequate disclosure.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC said 11 million Vizio televisions collected second-by-second viewing information, including content from external devices.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC charged that Premom shared fertility, health, location and device data with third parties without adequate disclosure.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC alleged GoodRx shared prescription and health-condition information with advertising companies despite privacy promises.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC alleged that a mental-health telehealth company disclosed sensitive health data to third parties for advertising.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC alleged a Ring employee viewed thousands of customers' intimate camera recordings. Also cited by: The FTC said hackers exploited Ring account-security weaknesses to access cameras and harass customers.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The FTC found that location, browser history, shopping behavior and even mouse movements can feed systems used to tailor prices and promotions.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: The system matched a Black woman to an image employees described as “a white lady with blonde hair.” Employees called police anyway. Also cited by: An 11-year-old girl was stopped and searched after a false facial-recognition match.
Harri — 2026 service agreement and data-processing description
Agency
Harri
Jurisdiction
JERSEY MIKE'S
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Harri's own Jersey Mike's materials describe employees clocking in and out by facial recognition to prevent “buddy punching” and time theft.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Harri's own Jersey Mike's materials describe employees clocking in and out by facial recognition to prevent “buddy punching” and time theft.
Harri — Workforce Management / biometric time clock
Agency
Harri
Jurisdiction
JERSEY MIKE'S
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Harri's own Jersey Mike's materials describe employees clocking in and out by facial recognition to prevent “buddy punching” and time theft.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Illinois restricted how ALPR data could be used. A state audit later found that CBP had nevertheless gained access to Illinois Flock data. Also cited by: Automated license plate readers (ALPR)
Institute for Justice review of documented ALPR errors
Agency
Institute for Justice review of documented ALPR errors
Jurisdiction
ARKANSAS
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A plate-reader misread reportedly put an innocent couple at gunpoint with their infant in the vehicle. Also cited by: Wrong reads, wrong hotlist entries and stale records have repeatedly sent police toward innocent motorists. Also cited by: Oak Park's own published oversight data exposed erroneous Flock-prompted stops. Also cited by: A character-recognition error reportedly turned a family trip into a guns-out police stop. Also cited by: A reported 7-versus-2 plate error escalated beyond a routine traffic stop. Also cited by: An ALPR investigation reportedly contributed to an innocent driver spending 13 days in jail.
Maryland Court of Special Appeals — State v. Andrews
Agency
Maryland Court of Special Appeals
Jurisdiction
Maryland
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Police used a cell-site simulator to find Kerron Andrews inside a home. His defense initially wasn't told how police had located him.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: MGM disclosed stolen customer identity information including driver's-license numbers and, for some customers, Social Security and passport numbers.
Motherboard/Vice — Amazon drivers on AI-camera events
Agency
Motherboard/Vice
Jurisdiction
DELIVERY DRIVERS
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Drivers reported being flagged for “distracted driving” while checking mirrors and for traffic violations they said never occurred.
NBC Bay Area — Brentwood HOA license-plate readers
Agency
NBC Bay Area
Jurisdiction
BRENTWOOD, CALIFORNIA
Reviewed
2026-09-11
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A city approved roadside HOA plate readers after officials mistakenly believed they were part of the police department's ALPR system.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A school district used license-plate data and private investigation in a residency dispute; children were disenrolled.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: A school district used license-plate data and private investigation in a residency dispute; children were disenrolled.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Lockport activated facial recognition in schools; organizing and litigation were followed by a statewide biometric-surveillance moratorium.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Chicago's gang data included contradictory, incomplete and implausible records—with no ordinary way for a person to know or challenge a designation.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Private neighborhood associations can purchase license-plate readers that record residents, visitors and workers who never bought the system.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Fingerprint experts said a crime-scene print belonged to police officer Shirley McKie. Independent review found it did not.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Fingerprint experts said a crime-scene print belonged to police officer Shirley McKie. Independent review found it did not.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Baltimore police tested a city-scale aerial surveillance system for months before the public—and even key city officials—were told.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Michael Williams spent 11 months in jail while ShotSpotter evidence helped support a murder case that prosecutors ultimately dropped.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Michael Williams spent 11 months in jail while ShotSpotter evidence helped support a murder case that prosecutors ultimately dropped.
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Xfinity warns that WiFi Motion can report activity from neighboring units or shared walls. Also cited by: Xfinity WiFi Motion / residential Wi-Fi sensing
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Xfinity warns that WiFi Motion can report activity from neighboring units or shared walls. Also cited by: Xfinity WiFi Motion / residential Wi-Fi sensing
Cited by Evidence Library entry: Xfinity warns that WiFi Motion can report activity from neighboring units or shared walls. Also cited by: Xfinity WiFi Motion / residential Wi-Fi sensing
